§º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û - ("§±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ") ¨C §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Û §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§í§Û, §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§í§Û, §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à-§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ú §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à-§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §è§Ö§ß§ä§â §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ
§³§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â§Ñ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Ô§Ñ§á§à§Ý§Ú§ã§Ñ §ã §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§à§Û §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§à§Û §Ú§ß§Õ§å§ã§ä§â§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§é§å§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í §Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Û §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§å §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ö §à§é§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ§å §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§ß§ä§í §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û (§±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ).
§¥§°§³§´§°§±§²§ª§®§¦§¹§¡§´§¦§§¾§¯§°§³§´§ª
§·§â§Ñ§Þ §¯§Ö§æ§â§Ú§ä§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §¢§å§Õ§Õ§í (§À§Û§æ§à§ã§í). §°§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§à§Ó§í§ç §Ò§å§Õ§Õ§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 100 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã §Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §Õ§å§ç§Ö §ã§å§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§à§â§è§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ù§à§Õ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §²§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Ö§Û §ç§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§í§â§Ö§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Ù §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§å§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ò§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§æ§â§Ú§ä§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ñ §¢§å§Õ§Õ§í.
§±§Ñ§â§Ü §²§Ñ§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú (§À§Û§ð§Ñ§ß§î). §ª§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Û §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§à-§á§Ö§Û§Ù§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Û §Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§î §À§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ. §°§ß §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä 400 §Ý§Ö§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§à§Û §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§à§á§Ñ§â§Ü, §á§Ö§Û§Ù§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §Ó §Ô§à§â§ß§à§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Þ§ß§Ú §á§â§Ú§é§å§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§í, §±§Ñ§â§Ü §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ü§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ü§Ú§â§á§Ú§é§ß§à-§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ú§ß§ñ§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ü§å§Ý§î§á§ä§å§â§í, §å§Ü§â§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§â§Ü.
§®§à§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§í§â§î §§å§ß§ç§å§Ñ§ã§í. §³§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Õ§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§à§Ó§í§Û §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§Ú§Ü §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó, §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§è §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§å§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§í. §£ §Þ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§í§â§Ö §ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§å§ä§â§í §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß §´§Ñ§ß, §±§ñ§ä§Ú §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Û, §®§Ú§ß §Ú §¸§Ú§ß, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ü§å§Ý§î§á§ä§å§â§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¢§å§Õ§Õ.
§´§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§ñ ?§¨§Ö§Þ§é§å§Ø§Ú§ß§Ñ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ?. §³§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§ñ §Ó §¡§Ù§Ú§Ú (468 §Þ). §¯§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§ä§Ö 263 §Þ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Þ§à§ä§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§Ñ§ß§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§Ö §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§ß§à §ã§à§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à-§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. §³§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§ñ ?§¨§Ö§Þ§é§å§Ø§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ? §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§à§Þ §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ.
§¯§Ñ§Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §£§Ñ§Û§ä§Ñ§ß§î. §ª§Ù§Ý§ð§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Ô§å§Ý§à§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §¯§Ñ 1,5 §Ü§Ú§Ý§à§Þ§Ö§ä§â§à§Ó§à§Û §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§á§à§é§Ü§à§Û §Ó§í§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ô§Ñ§â§Þ§à§ß§Ú§é§ß§à §ã§à§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§à§Ò§à§Û. §©§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Þ§à§ß§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §¹§ï§ß§î §ª, §é§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§à§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §ã §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§ß§í§Þ §â§Ö§Ý§î§Ö§æ§ß§í§Þ §Ò§Ñ§â§Ö§Ý§î§Ö§æ§à§Þ.
§¯§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î. §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ, §Ô§Õ§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§í §®§ï§â§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§Û, §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å, §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ä§Ö§Ñ§ä§â. §£ §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ö §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ò§Ú§ä §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§ß §ã §æ§à§ß§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î§ð 320 §Ü§Ó.§Þ. §±§à§Õ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Û §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §á§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§ñ §ê§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ä§â§à§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ. §¯§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û, §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§à§Þ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ.
§º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û - ("§±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ") - §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Û §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§í§Û, §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§í§Û, §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à-§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ú §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à-§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §è§Ö§ß§ä§â §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ
§³§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â§Ñ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Ô§Ñ§á§à§Ý§Ú§ã§Ñ §ã §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§à§Û §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§à§Û §Ú§ß§Õ§å§ã§ä§â§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§é§å§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í §Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Û §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§å §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ö §à§é§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ§å §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§ß§ä§í §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û "§±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ". §¥§°§³§´§°§±§²§ª§®§¦§¹§¡§´§¦§§¾§¯§°§³§´§ª
§·§â§Ñ§Þ §¯§Ö§æ§â§Ú§ä§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §¢§å§Õ§Õ§í (§À§Û§æ§à§ã§í). §°§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§à§Ó§í§ç §Ò§å§Õ§Õ§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 100 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã §Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §Õ§å§ç§Ö §ã§å§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§à§â§è§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ù§à§Õ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §²§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Ö§Û §ç§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§í§â§Ö§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Ù §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§å§ã§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ö§æ§â§Ú§ä§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ñ §¢§å§Õ§Õ§í.
§±§Ñ§â§Ü §²§Ñ§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú (§À§Û§ð§Ñ§ß§î). §ª§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Û §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§à-§á§Ö§Û§Ù§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Û §Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§î §À§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ. §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ý§Ö§ã§à§á§Ñ§â§Ü, §á§Ö§Û§Ù§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §Ó §Ô§à§â§ß§à§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Þ§ß§Ú §á§â§Ú§é§å§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§í, §±§Ñ§â§Ü §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ü§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ü§Ú§â§á§Ú§é§ß§à-§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ú§ß§ñ§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ü§å§Ý§î§á§ä§å§â§í, §å§Ü§â§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§â§Ü.
§®§à§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§í§â§î §§å§ß§ç§å§Ñ§ã§í. §³§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Õ§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§à§Ó§í§Û §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§Ú§Ü §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó, §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§å§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§í. §£ §Þ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§í§â§Ö §ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§å§ä§â§í §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß §´§Ñ§ß, §±§ñ§ä§Ú §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Û, §®§Ú§ß §Ú §¸§Ú§ß, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ü§å§Ý§î§á§ä§å§â§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¢§å§Õ§Õ§í.
§´§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§ñ "§¨§Ö§Þ§é§å§Ø§Ú§ß§Ñ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ". §³§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§ñ §Ó §¡§Ù§Ú§Ú (468 §Þ). §¯§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§ä§Ö 263 §Þ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Þ§à§ä§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§Ñ§ß§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§Ö §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§ß§à §ã§à§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à-§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. §³§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§ñ "§¨§Ö§Þ§é§å§Ø§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ" §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§à§Þ §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ.
§¯§Ñ§Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §£§Ñ§Û§ä§Ñ§ß§î. §ª§Ù§Ý§ð§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Ô§å§Ý§à§Ü, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §¯§Ñ 1,5 §Ü§Ú§Ý§à§Þ§Ö§ä§â§à§Ó§à§Û §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§á§à§é§Ü§à§Û §Ó§í§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ô§Ñ§â§Þ§à§ß§Ú§é§ß§à §ã§à§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§à§Ò§à§Û. §©§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Þ§à§ß§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §¹§ï§ß§î §ª, §é§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§à§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §ã §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§ß§í§Þ §Ò§Ñ§â§Ö§Ý§î§Ö§æ§à§Þ.
§¯§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î. §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ, §Ô§Õ§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§í §®§ï§â§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§Û, §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å, §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ä§Ö§Ñ§ä§â. §£ §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ö §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ò§Ú§ä §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§ß §ã §æ§à§ß§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î§ð 320 §Ü§Ó.§Þ. §±§à§Õ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Û §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §á§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§ñ §ê§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ä§â§à§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ. §¯§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û, §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§à§Þ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ. |
